Fear Free Research: Grounded in Science

While clinical experience and observations play an important role in veterinary decision-making and growing our knowledge, they must be grounded in sound science. Therefore, Fear Free training, continuing education, resources, and certification are built on a foundation of evidence-based research.

Although there is already extensive research related to the effects of fear, anxiety, and stress on the emotional and physical health of pets and how they are recognized, assessed, diagnosed, and treated, there is a continued and ongoing need for new research to validate current methods and practices, foster new learning, and advance the science of Fear Free in support of our mission to prevent and alleviate fear, anxiety, and stress in pets by inspiring and educating the people that care for them.

How do our research programs work?

The goal of Fear Free is to enhance the emotional and physical wellbeing of companion animals by supporting, stimulating, and promoting evidence-based research aimed at advancing our understanding and improving our ability to create a positive, happy, and Fear Free veterinary experience for pets, owners, and their healthcare providers.

To help accomplish this goal, the Fear Free research program has been established to support research, education, and training in the recognition, prevention, diagnosis and treatment of fear, anxiety, stress, and pain in companion animals through the funding of grants and awards for original evidence-based research and by collating, building, and maintain a bibliography of the Fear Free references.

Grant funding is available to individuals, veterinary colleges, and veterinary speciality associations for research projects that are designed to achieve our funding objective. All grant applications should be submitted using the online form and following the funding guidelines below.

Research Objective

Preventing and alleviating fear, anxiety, stress, and pain
associated with veterinary care in companion animals

We are looking for original evidence-based research in dogs, cats, avian, and/or equines investigating the prevention, reduction, or measurement of fear, anxiety, stress, and /or pain associated with veterinary healthcare, including travel, facilities, procedures, hospitalization, or return home. Studies conducted in shelters will be considered if the findings can be applied to veterinary visits and hospitalization.

Current Research

Veterinary Behaviorist Research Grants

VETERINARY BEHAVIORIST RESEARCH GRANTS

ACVB Veterinary Behavior Symposium Research Award, 2024

Dr. Marie Hopfensperger

Dosing strategies and sedative effects of detomidine oromucosal gel in dogs with veterinary-related aggression.

VETERINARY BEHAVIORIST RESEARCH GRANTS

American College of Veterinary behaviorist research Grant 2023

Dr. Meghan Herron

Evaluating the effects of an alpha-casozepene supplement, Zylkene, in addition to a low stress transport protocol on reducing stress in dogs during enter organizational automobile transport.

VETERINARY BEHAVIORIST RESEARCH GRANTS

American College of Veterinary Behaviorist Research Grant, 2022

Dr. Karen van Haaften, Bailey Eagen

The use of anxiety-reducing medications in animal shelters in Canada, USA, and Mexico

Veterinary Behaviorist Research Grants

American College of Veterinary Behaviorist Research Grant, 2022

Dr. Sagi Denenberg, Dr. Emma Gatehouse

Reliability and validity of the Fear, Anxiety and Stress (FAS) spectrum for measurement of acute stress in dogs visiting the veterinary practice

Veterinary Behaviorist Research Grants

American College of Veterinary Behaviorist Research Grant, 2021

Bailey Eagen, Dr. Karen van Haaften

Use of gabapentin in behavior modification treatment plans for under socialized and fearful cats

Veterinary Behaviorist Research Grants

American College of Veterinary Behaviorist Research Grant, 2020

Dr. Vanessa Spano

Effects of a combination of gabapentin and mirtazapine transdermal on signs of stress in cats during veterinary examination

VETERINARY BEHAVIORIST RESEARCH GRANTS

American College of Veterinary Behaviorist Research Grant, 2020

Dr. Julia Albright

Does serum cortisol level very based on venipuncture site in healthy dogs?

VETERINARY BEHAVIORIST RESEARCH GRANTS

Australia and New Zealand College of Veterinary Scientists Research Grant, 2019

Dr. Sally Nixon

Use of Zylkene in reducing fear, anxiety and stress in animals in veterinary consultations

Veterinary Behaviorist Research Grants

American College of Veterinary Behaviorist Research Grant, 2019

Dr. Sun Kim, Dr. Melissa Bain

The effects of trazodone on behavioral and physiological signs of stress in dogs during veterinary visits

Veterinary Behaviorist Research Grants

American College of Veterinary Behaviorist Research Grant, 2019

Dr. K. Pankratz, Dr. K. Messenger, Dr. M. Gruen, Meghan Carson

Efficacy of single dose dexmedetomidine oromucosal gel to attenuate anxiety in client owned cats presented for routine veterinary care

VETERINARY BEHAVIORIST RESEARCH GRANTS

Lincoln Memorial University (LMU)Veterinary Student Research Grant

Julie Hunt, Jennifer Johnson et al.

The Impact of Fear Free Practices on Canine Stress During Transportation – A Pilot Study

VETERINARY BEHAVIORIST RESEARCH GRANTS

Mississippi State UniversityVeterinary Student Research Grant

Rachel Doenges, Dr. Christine Calder

Use of Trazodone and Gabapentin in Combination to Reduce Fear, Anxiety and Stress during Veterinary Visits in Client Owned Dogs

VETERINARY BEHAVIORIST RESEARCH GRANTS

European Veterinary Congress of Behavioural Medicine and Animal Welfare Award, 2018

Dr. Ludovica Pierantoni

Puppy Classes may positively affect the behaviour of adult dogs separated from their litters too early

Fear Free and IVAPM Foundation Research Grant

FEAR FREE AND IVAPM FOUNDATION RESEARCH GRANT

Fear Free and IVAPM Foundation Collaborative Pain and Analgesia Research

IVAPM

Dr. Elizabeth A Maxwell

Analgesic efficacy of kratom as an adjuvant for postoperative pain management in dogs

FEAR FREE AND IVAPM FOUNDATION RESEARCH GRANT

Fear Free and IVAPM Foundation Collaborative Pain and Analgesia Research 2023

IVAPM

Dr. Sabrine Marangoni

Characterization of Pain Behaviors in Kittens

FEAR FREE AND IVAPM FOUNDATION RESEARCH GRANT

Fear Free and IVAPM Foundation Collaborative Pain and Analgesia Research

IVAPM

Dr. Christell Monsour

Evaluation of the effect of targeted pulsed electromagnetic fields (tpemf) on pain and inflammation in anesthetized dogs undergoing mastectomy

Veterinary College Research Grants

VETERINARY COLLEGE RESEARCH GRANTS

Institut Polytechnique Unilasalle Rouen Student Research Grant, 2024

Dr. Sara Hoummady, Audrey Besegher

Effect of Cannabidiol Administration on Daily Behavior and Stress in Shelter Dogs

Veterinary College Research Grants

University of Pennsylvania Veterinary Student Research Grant 2023

Mentors: Dr. Sue M McDonnell, Dr. Cade Torcivia

Trazodone Use in Horses for Reduction of FAS Related to Health Care Procedures and Associated Transportation

Veterinary College Research Grants

University of California Davis Veterinary Student Research Grant 2022

Lauren Quigley

Echocardiographic effects of trazodone on left ventricular function in healthy dogs

Veterinary College Research Grants

North Carolina State University Veterinary Student Research Grants, 2022

Dr. Sarah Bennett, Jamirelis Carrero

Impact of Classical Counterconditioning (Quiet Kennel Exercise) on Barking in Kenneled Dogs

Veterinary College Research Grants

Oregon State University Veterinary Student Research Grant 2021

Kelsey Woolsey, Dr. Kate Schoenhals

Using Positive Reinforcement Techniques to Rehabilitate “Needle Shy” Horses

Veterinary College Research Grants

University of Tennessee Veterinary Student Research Grants, 2020

Effect of the veterinary visit on heart rate variability in dogs

Veterinary College Research Grants

Purdue University Behavior Resident Research Grant

Dr. Orion Stollar, Dr. Niwako Ogata

Effects of a single dose of oral gabapentin in dogs during a veterinary examination: A double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

Veterinary College Research Grants

Western University Veterinary Student Research Grant

Andra Dumitrescu

Enhanced human-animal interaction to decrease stress of veterinary visits in pet dogs

Veterinary College Research Grants

University of Florida Veterinary Student Research Grant

Alexis Deriberprey, Francesca Griffin, Wendy Mandese et al.

Evaluation of clinical examination location on Stress in cats: a randomized crossover study

Website Submission grants

WEBSITE SUBMISSIONS

Website open call for Fear Free Research Grants 2023

Dr. Erica Feuerbacher, Alyssa Cary

Stress associated with veterinary visits involving blood draws in pet dogs

WEBSITE SUBMISSIONS

Website open call for Fear Free Research Grants 2023

Dr. Renata Costa

Gabapentin with or without acepromazine to decrease stress scores in aggressive and anxious dogs and cats in a prospective clinical trial

Website Submissions

Website Open Call for Fear Free Research Grants, 2022

Dr. Anna Delabar

The effects of oral trazodone and gabapentin on behavioral signs of fear, anxiety, and stress in shelter dogs when administered prior to sterilization surgery

Website Submissions

Website Open Call for Fear Free Research Grants, 2022

Florencia Barrios Fernández

Initiatives to improve the well-being of the domestic cat in home and clinic environment in Uruguay

Website Submissions

Website Open Call for Fear Free Research Grants, 2022

Dr. Mindy Waite

Validating a Training Protocol to Increase Cooperation and Reduce Fear, Anxiety, and Stress During Ear Cleaning for Dogs

Website Submissions

Website Open Call for Fear Free Research Grants, 2021

Dr. Kyla Ortved – University of Pennsylvania

Effects of Video angle on the Assessment of Equine Lameness via Telemedicine

Website Submissions

Website Open Call for Fear Free Research Grants, 2021

Dr. Pamela Colareta – Florida Veterinary Behavior Services

Gabapentin Use in Shelters: Effects on incidence of feline upper respiratory disease, length of stay, and adoption rates

Website Submissions

Website Open Call for Fear Free Research Grants, 2021

Dr. Pierrette Mercier – Riverview Animal Hospital

Is it more stressful for dogs to be examined on the table vs. the floor?

Website Submissions

Website Open Call for Fear Free Research Grants, 2021

Dr. Wendy Mandese – University of Florida

Urinalysis and Urine Culture Results of Fear Free-Catch Samples in Dogs

Website Submissions

Website Open Call for Fear Free Research Grants, 2021

Dr. Yon Alexandre Raileanu – Hebrew University of Jerusalem

A Pilot Study for Fear Free Client Education.

Website Submissions

Website Open Call for Fear Free Research Grants, 2020

Dr. Mindy Waite

Testing a Simple Preference Assessment for Dog Owners

Website Submissions

Website Open Call for Fear Free Research Grants, 2020

Dr. Renata Costa

Gabapentin, melatonin, and acepromazine combo to manage fear-aggressive and anxious dogs prior to hospital visits.

Website Submissions

Website Open Call for Fear Free Research Grants, 2020

Claudel Bigras-Fontaine, Dr. Isabelle Bazin, Dr. Marion Desmarchelier – University of Montreal

Clinical relevance of rectal temperature measurement in cats showing marked signs of stress during routine veterinary visits

Website Submissions

Website Open Call for Fear Free Research Grants, 2019

Dr. Claire Corridan

The Influence of Stress Minimising Protocols on Job Satisfaction & Resilience in Veterinary Personnel

Veterinary Behaviorist Awards

VETERINARY BEHAVIORIST AWARDS

European Veterinary Congress of Behavioural Medicine and Annual Welfare Award, 2023

Dr. Anne Quain

Techniques used to euthanase dogs and cats by Australian Veterinarians

Veterinary Behaviorist Awards

ACVB Veterinary Behavior Symposium Research Award, 2023

Claudia Gaither – University of Montreal

Discovery of Novel Biomarkers for Anxiety Disorders in Dogs

Veterinary Behaviorist Awards

European Veterinary Congress of Behavioural Medicine and Animal Welfare Award, 2022

Dr. Terttu Lamminen

Comparison of anxiolytic effect of pregabalin versus non-medicinal products during transportation in finnish client-owned cats

Veterinary Behaviorist Awards

ACVB Veterinary Behavior Symposium Research Award, 2022

Dr. Camille Squair, Veterinary Behaviour Resident, University of PEI

Effects of veterinary handling on canine behaviour and physiology

Veterinary Behaviorist Awards

ACVB Veterinary Behavior Symposium Research Award, 2021

Dr. Stefania Uccheddu

Cats in Underwater Treadmill: low stress, no limits

Veterinary Behaviorist Awards

ACVB Veterinary Behavior Symposium Research Award, 2021

Dr. Mindy Waite

Simple Food Preference Assessments for Companion Dogs

Veterinary Behaviorist Awards

ACVB Veterinary Behavior Symposium Research Award, 2020

Hagar Hauser, DVM

In-Hospital Administration of Dexmedetomidine Oromucosal Gel for Stress Reduction in Dogs During Veterinary Visits

Veterinary Behaviorist Awards

International Veterinary Behavior Meeting jointly with Veterinary Behavior Symposium Award, 2019

Dr. Pierrette Mercier

Using standardized scales to assess fear at veterinary visits – interrater and intrarater reliability

Veterinary Behaviorist Awards

European Veterinary Congress of Behavioural Medicine and Animal Welfare Award, 2019

Caroline Gilbert

FF Veterinary Visit Award: Teaching Veterinary Students Practical Exercises for Reducing Animal Stress During Veterinary Examinations to Improve Dog & Cat Welfare

Veterinary Behaviorist Awards

European Veterinary Congress of Behavioural Medicine and Animal Welfare Award, 2019

Hilal Kurum and Ebru Yalcin

Fear Free Happy Homes Award: Effects of Multi-Modal Environmental Modification in Crystal-Related Feline Lower Urinary Tract Disease

Veterinary Behaviorist Awards

ACVB Veterinary Behavior Symposium Research Award, 2018

Ragen T.S. McGowan, Ph.D

Tapping Into Those ‘Gut Feelings’: Impact of BL999 (Bifidobacterium longum) on Anxiety in Dogs

Veterinary Behaviorist Awards

ACVB Veterinary Behavior Symposium Research Award, 2018

Amanda Hampton, DVM

Effects of Music on Behavior and Physiological Stress Response of Domestic Cats in a Veterinary Clinic

Veterinary Behaviorist Awards

European Veterinary Congress of Behavioural Medicine and Animal Welfare Award, 2018

Dr. Joao Da Silva

Psychoactive drugs – rational use to change dog and cat’s stress behaviour during hospitalization

Journal of Veterinary Behavior Welfare Awards

JOURNAL OF VETERINARY BEHAVIOR AUTHOR AWARDS

Improving Pet Welfare Award, 2023

Naila Fukimoto et al, April 2023

Synchronous citizen science: A new method for cat behavior research

Journal of Veterinary Behavior Author Awards

Improving Pet Welfare Award, 2022

Kirian R. Franck et al, 2022.

Human-cat emotional closeness and unacceptable behavior in cats: A Brazilian perspective
Award includes Free 2023 access to publication

Journal of Veterinary Behavior Author Awards

Improving Pet Welfare Award, 2021

Carol Chávez et al, 2021.

Decrease in behaviors associated with pain during catheter placement using a topical anesthetic formulation in cats.

Journal of Veterinary Behavior Author Awards

Improving Pet Welfare Award, 2020

Christine Arhant et al.

Owner reports on the use of muzzles and their effects on dogs: an online survey, J Vet Behav 2020; 41, 73-81. Results available for free 2021 access.

Journal of Veterinary Behavior Author Awards

Improving Pet Welfare Award, 2020

Vinícius Miguel Carrieri-Rocha et al.

Acoustic stress in domestic dogs living around football stadiums. J Vet Behav 2020; 37, 27-35. Results available for free 2021 access.

Journal of Veterinary Behavior Author Awards

Improving Pet Welfare Award, 2019

Christine Arhant

Attitudes of veterinarians and veterinary students to recommendations on how to improve dog and cat welfare in veterinary practice

Journal of Veterinary Behavior Author Awards

Improving Pet Welfare Award, 2019

Ian Dinwoodie

Demographics and comorbidity of behavior problems in dogs

Pending Grants and Awards

American College of Veterinary Behaviorists Research Grant 2024
Funding for original evidence based research by an ACVB diplomate or resident – To be announced

Spanish veterinary behavior AVEPA/GEVC grant
Funding for original evidence based research by a member of the AVEPA/GEMCA – To be announced

Funding in support of student research projects at University Colleges of Veterinary Medicine. Veterinary colleges institutions with projects that meet our funding objectives should submit proposals using the form at the end of this page and selecting the box for Institutions Seeking Grants.

(jump to submission form)

Fear Free is committed to the support of evidence-based research through funding of studies that will increase and enhance our understanding of the science and knowledge of the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of fear, anxiety, stress and pain related to veterinary health care.

Research proposals that meet the following criteria can be submitted using the form at the end of this page.
Original evidence-based research in dogs, cats, avian, and/or equines investigating the prevention, reduction, or measurement of fear, anxiety, stress, and /or pain associated with veterinary healthcare, including travel, facilities, procedures, hospitalization, or return home.

(jump to submission form)

In support of research focused on the prevention and treatment of fear and distress during veterinary visits, Fear Free will sponsor the funding of an annual Improving Pet Welfare award of $1250 for a research study accepted for publication in the Journal of Veterinary Behavior that meets the following objectives: Original, evidence-based research in dogs, cats, birds or horses investigating the prevention, reduction, or assessment of fear, anxiety, and stress associated with veterinary visits”

Interested authors should self-identify their interest in the award at the time of submission. All papers accepted for publication through December 31 of the calendar year that meet the eligibility objectives will be included in the competition. Papers will be scored by members of the editorial board and invited external scientists.

For submission details and to view each of the previous award winners visit
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/journal-of-veterinary-behavior/about/awards

Fear Free is funding an annual research grant in collaboration with the International Veterinary Academy of Pain Management (IVAPM) of up to $3000. For details, submission deadline and application form visit https://ivapm.org/foundation/.  

The Importance of Research for Fear Free

All evidence is not equal

Veterinarians must recognize, understand, and evaluate the evidence to provide pet owners with guidance and treatment recommendations grounded in science. While clinical experience and patient assessment are essential in guiding veterinary decision-making, both medical and behavioral care recommendations must be based on the best available scientific evidence. Ongoing research is critical to ensure that treatment protocols and counseling veterinarians provide are supported by evidence as well as to assess and validate the effects of new and current approaches to prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.

The highest level of evidence are systematic reviews and meta-analyses of multiple randomized controlled studies. However, these are rarely available to clinical veterinary behavioral medicine because of the lack of evidence-based studies. Yet randomization, blinding, and a control group are necessary to control for bias and provide a level of evidence that supports and validates the practitioner’s treatment recommendations. Practice guidelines and consensus statements by recognized experts in the field also provide sound evidence but are only as strong as the science on which they are based.

At least one blinded, randomized, and controlled trial would be the minimum standard on which to base decision-making. However, much of the evidence in the field of veterinary behavior is less robust, supported by case-controlled studies that look at outcomes and risk factors and cohort studies that compare populations that receive treatment with those that did not. The weakest evidence (although sometimes the most common) are case reports, expert opinion, and research that is extrapolated solely from other species.

With new evidence-based research, the quality and level of care is improved by expanding the knowledge base, increasing the understanding of disease processes and mechanisms, and by validating, modifying, or enhancing the diagnostic, preventive care, skills, and treatment options veterinarians can provide.

While at least one blinded randomized controlled trial would be a minimum standard on which to base decision making, much of the evidence available in the field of veterinary behavior is far less robust (middle of the pyramid), including case-controlled studies that look at outcomes and risk factors and cohort studies that compare populations that received the treatment and those that did not. At the lowest level of the evidence pyramid (which is also the broadest) is research extrapolated from other species, expert opinion, and case reports.

Veterinarians must recognize, understand, and evaluate the evidence to provide pet owners with guidance and treatment recommendations grounded in science. With new evidence-based research, the quality and level of care is improved by expanding the knowledge base, increasing the understanding of disease processes and mechanisms, and by validating, modifying, or enhancing the diagnostic, preventive care, skills, and treatment options veterinarians can provide.

To help achieve these objectives, the Fear Free research portfolio is focused on two important needs:

  1. Funding of awards and grants for original evidence-based research that targets prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and measurement of fear, anxiety, stress, and pain during travel and veterinary visits
  2. Reviewing, collating, and categorizing the scientific literature to maintain and build a Fear Free bibliography of publications and research related to:
    • The effects of fear, anxiety, and stress (FAS) on the health, behavior, and wellbeing of the pet and their impact on the owner, veterinary personnel, and the delivery of veterinary care
    • The development and validation of treatment, diagnostic methods, techniques, assessment tools, management products, and medications for recognizing, preventing, and alleviating fear, anxiety, and stress in pets

We continue to grow and expand our bibliography with new relevant studies on an ongoing basis. To help us maintain and further expand our reference library, as well as promote and share research in the field, we encourage submission of new evidence-based research for addition to our bibliography.

Fear Free Related Research – Bibliography – rev. June 2023

Submit a Proposal

Fear Free will provide grants of up to $2,500 USD to both individual researchers (or research teams) and to veterinary colleges (universities) to support student, resident, or faculty research projects designed to advance the science and evidence for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of fear, anxiety, stress, and pain related to veterinary care. All applications should be submitted using one of the online application forms below.

To be eligible for funding, research proposals should intend to implement original evidence-based research in dogs, cats, avian, and/or equines investigating the prevention, reduction, or measurement of fear, anxiety, stress, and /or pain associated with veterinary healthcare, including travel, facilities, procedures, hospitalization, or return home. Studies conducted in shelters will be considered if the findings can be applied to veterinary visits and hospitalization.

Grants for individuals (and research teams) will be awarded approximately three (3) times a year. The next closing date for grant proposals is July 31, 2024. All submissions received at each deadline will be reviewed by our scientific review panel based on quality, originality, and clinical relevance to Fear Free, with the highest-ranking project awarded a grant of up to $2,500 USD. Applications received after the submission deadline will not be considered at the next announced call date.

Applications for university funding will be considered at the time and in the order that they are received.

Please read and review the Research Grant Terms and Conditions so that you understand and agree to the terms should your project be accepted for grant funding by going to this link.

Happy Paws Magazine

Spring/Summer 2020 Issue Available Now!